空气压橡胶人工肌驱动器的特性和控制

本文讨论了空气压橡胶人工肌驱动器的基本特征和控制方法,对发展新型驱动器的机器人技术有积极意义。     

基于冲淤计算的延河橡胶坝运行方式初步分析

延河属多沙河流,延安市拟在延河城区段修建两座橡胶坝。根据延河来水来沙等资料,计算了橡胶坝枯水期逐月的淤积量,进而进行不同运行时间段的冲淤计算,分析其对橡胶坝的影响,并在此基础上初步探讨了橡胶坝的合理运行方式。     

质子辐照对甲基硅橡胶电性能的影响

利用空间辐照环境模拟设备对甲基硅橡胶进行了质子辐照试验。辐照能量为150keV，辐照剂量范围为10^14～10^16cm^-2。对辐照后样品进行了电子自旋共振(ESR)分析和电性能测试。研究发现，当质子辐照剂量小于10^15cm^-2时，交流击穿电压上升，体积电阻率、介电常数及介电损耗角正切无明显变化。当质子辐照剂量大于10^15cm^-2后，体积电阻率及交流击穿电压下降，介电常数及介电损耗角正切上升。残存自由基和微观结构的变化是引起电性能改变的主要原因。     

柴油机使用甲醇燃料M100的试验研究

非直喷柴油机采用火花塞或电热塞方法成功地用纯甲醇(M100)作燃料,为了获得可靠的着火及良好的发动机性能,研究了有关的影响因素及参数。对若干能改善甲醇发动机性能的技术措施,进行了试验研究。     

D型锅炉制造技术综述

综合介绍了D型锅炉的关键制造技术,如:胀接孔加工工艺,管束与上下锅筒的胀接技术,胀管器的设计与制造,胀口泄漏密封焊修理,堵管修理技术,退管及换管修理等技术及经验。     

硫酸钡在全钢子午线轮胎下三角胶中的应用

研究硫酸钡在全钢子午线轮胎下三角胶中的应用。结果表明：与生产配方胶料相比,试验配方胶料的F_L减小,F_max增大,表明试验配方胶料的交联密度增大;试验配方胶料的t₁₀和t₉₀的变化不大,硫化返原略快;与生产配方硫化胶相比,试验配方硫化胶的密度明显增大、邵尔A型硬度略增大、定伸应力相当、拉伸强度略减小,60℃时的损耗因子略减小,导热性能提高。在全钢子午线轮胎下三角胶中使用硫酸钡部分替代炭黑,对胶料性能影响不大,生产成本降低。     

Lightweight and flame retardant fluorosilicone rubber composited foam prepared by supercritical nitrogen

Improving the flame retardancy and lightweight of fluorosilicone rubber (FSR) foam is important for its application in aerospace, rail transportation, petrochemical equipment, etc. In this work, ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and expandable graphite (EG) were used as synergistic flame retardants, and the lightweight FSR composite foam with flame retardancy was prepared by supercritical N₂ foaming. When there were 12.5 phr APP and 7.5 phr EG, the composite foam with density of 0.254 g/cm³ showed superiority in foaming performance and flame retardancy, and the limit oxygen index was 36.4%, the UL-94 grade reached V-0, the ignition time was 12 s and the fire performance index was 0.071 s·m²/kW. In addition, the aging, oil and solvent resistance of FSR foam was not affected. This work provided data support for the production and application of the flame retardant FSR foam.     

Development and molecular dynamics simulation of green natural rubber composites with modified sisal microcrystalline cellulose

In this study, green composites were prepared using natural rubber (NR) as the matrix and the sisal microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) as the filler. Three modifying agents oleic acid (OA), γ-aminopropyltriethoxylsilane (KH550), and bis-γ-(triethoxysilylpropyl)-tetrasulfide (Si69) were individually tested to modify the MCC to improve the interfacial compatibility of the NR and MCC. Combined with modern instrumental analysis technology and molecular dynamics simulation, the reinforcing effect and microscopic mechanism of modified MCC on NR were analyzed. The structure–activity relationship of NR and MCC composites was further revealed, and the interaction between the two components was clarified. At the same time, the reinforcing and compatibilizing effect of three kinds of modified MCC in NR matrix were also revealed. The results showed that the properties of NR/Mod-MCC composites were better than those of NR/MCC composites, where NR/OA-MCC presented the highest tensile strength, followed by NR/Si69-MCC. In addition, NR/Si69-MCC exhibited higher elongation at break and NR/KH550-MCC exhibited higher vulcanization characteristics. Molecular model systems were constructed through molecular dynamics simulation to investigate the interactions between the three modified cellulose molecules and the NR molecules. OA-cellulose has a better interaction with NR than KH550-cellulose and Si69-cellulose, The simulation results were consistent with the experimental results.     

Optimizing natural rubber blends for examination gloves: Vacuum radiation for mechanical strength and solvent barrier

Natural rubber (NR) is emblematic of sustainability compared to synthetic rubber. However, the tradition of adding sulfur as a vulcanization ingredient results in the release of toxic substances and the potential for health issues. In this study, a feasible strategy was proposed to replace sulfur and discover a safe bulk modification process for NR films. The results have shown that the NR particle size was disintegrated to below 10 nm by gamma irradiation. High tension strength up to 24.45 MPa was observed in the vulcanized NR blend film, which could be elongated up to 800% strain after exposure to an optimum dose of 14 kGy. In comparison to commercial NR latex and nitrile gloves, the vulcanized NR/ SIS films exhibited better chemical resistance ability against hexane, methanol, toluene, and acetone, as revealed by the permeation test. The appearance of amorphous regions and highly oriented NR crystallites was observed through transmission electron microscopy. Findings from this study propose the vacuum radiation strategy that can replace conventional vulcanization methods, resulting in NR films with high mechanical and barrier performance. Furthermore, the emission of toxic substances is reduced by this green process, making it practically useful for potential chemical-resistant examination glove applications.     

软质PVC／NBR共混材料改善电冰箱门封的低温弹性

研究了丁腈橡胶（ＮＢＲ）弹性体对软质聚氯乙烯低温弹性及力学性能的影响,并探讨了该共混竽电冰箱门封的加工工艺性及其优点。